EFEK EKSTRAK DAGING BUAH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) TERHADAP HISTOPATOLOGI PANKREAS TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) DIABETES

Abstrak

Diabetes mellitus type II is a metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood sugar due to decreased insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and/or impaired insulin function (insulin resistance). The use of natural ingredients is widely used by the public as an alternative to synthetic treatments; the use of drugs derived from natural ingredients must consider safety aspects for the body, one of which is the pancreas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutmeg fruit flesh extract (Myristica fragrans Houtt) on the histopathology of the pancreas of white rats (Rattus novergicus) with type II diabetes. The study was conducted using an experimental method using 25 white rats wistar strains divided into five groups: negative control (1% Na-CMC), positive control (metformin), and nutmeg flesh extract 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 300 mg/kgBW. All groups were given high-carbohydrate feed for 30 days, then given extract and metformin for 7 days. On the 36th day, the pancreas was removed and histopathology preparations were made. The main parameters of the research results include initial blood sugar levels before induction (T₀), final day blood sugar levels (T₃₀), blood sugar levels on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after sample administration, pancreas organ weight, and pancreas organ severity score. The data obtained were analyzed using Oneway-Anova with a significance of 0.05. The results of the study concluded that the dose of nutmeg fruit flesh extract that was effective in lowering blood sugar levels was at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW and did not damage the pancreas organ, while nutmeg fruit flesh extract with doses of 200 mg/kgBW and 300 mg/kgBW was able to lower blood sugar levels but did not have a protective effect on the pancreas organ.